Daza language Contents Vocabulary Phonology References External links Navigation menudaza1242Daza"Dazaga"eeee178086576

FrenchArabicFrenchAir TamajeqChadian ArabicDazaKaadoTamahaqStandardArabicEnglishDazaDinkaDoniFurKadugliKangaKeigaKrongoTemeinTeseTulishiTumtumZaghawaAcheronAmiraDengebuEbangJomangKatlaKoKwalibLaroLogolLumunMoroNdingNgileShirumbaTagoiTegaliTegemTimaTiroTochoToronaUtoroWarnangBejaDomariSudanese ArabicSudanese Sign LanguagesBertiZaghawa


Tebu languagesSaharan languagesLanguages of ChadLanguages of NigerToubou people


Nilo-Saharan languageDaza peopleChadGouranDjurab DesertBorkouFaya-LargeauTibesti MountainsChadNigerN'guigmiLibyaSudanOmdurmanJeddahSaudi ArabiaTedaga languageTedaToubou peopleSabhaSaharanKanuri languageKanembu languageTebu languagesZaghawa languageBerti languageFrenchArabicliterary languagebilingualHausaZarmaTuaregromanisation




Not to be confused with Dazawa language.

"Goran language" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Gorani language (Zaza-Gorani) or Gora dialect.



















Daza
Dazaga
Native to
Chad, Niger, Sudan, Libya
RegionChad, BET Region, bahr el Gazel Region, eastern Niger
Ethnicity
Daza people/Gouran people
Native speakers
380,000 (2006–2007)[1]
Language family

Nilo-Saharan?

  • Saharan
    • Western Saharan

      • Tebu
        • Daza
Writing system
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3dzg
Glottolog
daza1242[2]
Linguasphere02-BAA-ab
Toubou map.svg

Daza (also known as Dazaga) is a Nilo-Saharan language spoken by the Daza people inhabiting northern Chad. The Daza are also known as the Gouran (Gorane) in Chad.[1] Dazaga is spoken by around 380,000 people, primarily in the Djurab Desert region and the Borkou region, locally called Haya or Faya-Largeau northern-central Chad, the capital of the Dazaga people. Dazaga is spoken in the Tibesti Mountains of Chad (330,000 speakers), in the eastern Niger near N'guigmi and to the north (50,000 speakers). It is also spoken to a smaller extent in Libya and in Sudan, where there is a community of 3,000 speakers in the city of Omdurman. There's also a small diaspora community working in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.


The two primary dialects of the Dazaga language are Daza and Kara, but there are several other mutually intelligible dialects, including Kaga, Kanobo, Taruge and Azza. It is closely related to the Tedaga language, spoken by the Teda, the other out of the two Toubou people groups, who reside primarily in the Tibesti Mountains of northern Chad and in southern Libya near the city of Sabha.


Dazaga is a Nilo-Saharan language and a member of the Western Saharan branch of the Saharan subgroup which also contains the Kanuri language, Kanembu language and Tebu languages.[3] Tebu is further divided into Tedaga and Dazaga. The Eastern Saharan branch includes the Zaghawa language and Berti language.[4]




Contents





  • 1 Vocabulary

    • 1.1 Numbers


    • 1.2 Basic words and phrases



  • 2 Phonology

    • 2.1 Consonants


    • 2.2 Vowels



  • 3 References


  • 4 External links




Vocabulary


The dialects spoken in Chad and Niger have some French influence whereas the dialects spoken in Libya and Sudan have more of an Arabic influence. The Dazaga language is not a literary language and has a limited vocabulary. It adjusts to this by borrowing from other languages such as Arabic or French. For example, the word for "thank you" did not exist in Dazaga so the Arabic word shokran was incorporated into the language and is usually followed by the suffix -num which acknowledges the second person. The majority of Dazaga speakers are bilingual in their native tongue along with either Arabic, French, Zaghawa, Hausa, Zarma, Kanuri or Tuareg.
The following tables contain words from the Daza dialect spoken in Omdurman, Sudan. This romanisation is not standard.



Numbers






















































EnglishDazagaEnglishDazaga
OneTronElevenMurdai sa Tron
TwoJowTwelveMurdai sa Jow
ThreeAguzoThirteenMurdai sa Aguzo
FourTwzoFourteenMurdai sa Twzo
FiveFooFifteenMurdai sa Foo
SixDisiSixteenMurdai sa Disi
SevenTrosoSeventeenMurdai sa Troso
EightWosoEighteenMurdai sa Woso
NineYisiNineteenMurdai sa Yisi
TenMurdumTwentyDigiram
ThirtyMurtta AguzoFiftyMurtta Foo
FortyMurtta TwzoHundredKidri


Basic words and phrases














































EnglishDazagaEnglishDazaga
ManAnjiGood MorningWasa Nisira
WomanAriGood NightKalar Sizoo
FamilyAma tangaThank youShukran Num
BrotherDagiMy name is...Tan Sortanjo
SisterDurooWhat is your name?Sornuma Jaa? or sornuma eni'
FatherAbaaHow are you?Inda wasi?
MotherAyiI am wellKala Layy or Tan Wasu or wasa a'
FriendLaoPleasejinda
LifeDinaCountryNi
DeathNosoReligionDin


Phonology



Consonants














































Labial

Alveolar

Palatal

Velar

Glottal

Plosive
b
t d
tʃ dʒ
k ɡ


Fricative
f
s z
(ʃ)

h

Nasal
m
n
ɲ
ŋ


Flap

ɾ




Lateral

l




Approximant
w

j



Vowels


























Front

Central

Back

Close
i

u
ɪ

ʊ

Mid
e

o
ɛ

ɔ

Open

a

[5]



References




  1. ^ ab Daza at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)


  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Dazaga". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  3. ^ Greenberg, Joseph H. 1963. The languages of Africa. International Journal of American Linguistics 29.1. Repr. The Hague: Mouton, 1966.


  4. ^ Cyffer, Norbert. 2000. Linguistic properties of the Saharan languages. Areal and Genetic Factors in Language Classification and Description: Africa South of the Sahara, ed. by Petr Zima, 30–59. Lincom Studies in African Linguistics 47. München: Lincom Europa


  5. ^ Walters, Josiah (2016). A Grammar of Dazaga.




External links


  • Relative Clauses in Dazaga [1]











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