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Change of coordinates breaks the equality of mixed partial derivatives


Transforming hyperbolic PDE into normal formHow to construct a counterexample for the reduction of linear second order PDE in several variablesReducing heat equation into nondimensional formChange of variable, calculation of new partial derivative expressionGeneral Solution for $x^2u_xx-y^2u_yy=0$Change of Variables - independence of variablesUnderstanding how to obtain the substitution to reduce a PDE to canonical formTrying to understand hyperbolic canonical form transformationVariable transformation PDEWave equation in hyperbolic canonical form













1












$begingroup$


I'm trying to reduce the PDE



$$u_xx + 2 u_xy + u_yy = 0,$$
to its canonical form $u_eta eta = 0.$



According to the book that I'm using, $epsilon (x,y) = y-x$ and $eta (x,y) = x$ is a valid coordinate transformation, so lets use it.



After doing the algebra,



$$u_xx = -1[u_epsilon epsilon * (-1) + u_epsilon eta ] + [(-1)* u_eta epsilon + u_eta eta],$$



$$u_yy = u_epsilon epsilon$$



$$u_xy = (-1)[(-1)u_epsilon epsilon] + [u_eta epsilon],$$
but $$u_yx = (-1) u_epsilon epsilon + u_epsilon eta not = u_xy.$$



So, what is wrong in with this transformation ?, and why the mixed partials are not equal in $epsilon, eta$ coordinates ?



I mean, I plug everything into the PDE, by $u_xy$ does not transforms the PDE into its canonical form, but $u_yx $ does.



I checked my calculations, but I couldn't find an error either.










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Where dd the extra factor of $-1$ in $u_xy$ come from?
    $endgroup$
    – amd
    Mar 13 at 20:33










  • $begingroup$
    @amd You are right, I that should be a plus! .Thanks a lot for pointing out. if you post your comment as an answer, I will accept.
    $endgroup$
    – onurcanbektas
    Mar 14 at 4:28















1












$begingroup$


I'm trying to reduce the PDE



$$u_xx + 2 u_xy + u_yy = 0,$$
to its canonical form $u_eta eta = 0.$



According to the book that I'm using, $epsilon (x,y) = y-x$ and $eta (x,y) = x$ is a valid coordinate transformation, so lets use it.



After doing the algebra,



$$u_xx = -1[u_epsilon epsilon * (-1) + u_epsilon eta ] + [(-1)* u_eta epsilon + u_eta eta],$$



$$u_yy = u_epsilon epsilon$$



$$u_xy = (-1)[(-1)u_epsilon epsilon] + [u_eta epsilon],$$
but $$u_yx = (-1) u_epsilon epsilon + u_epsilon eta not = u_xy.$$



So, what is wrong in with this transformation ?, and why the mixed partials are not equal in $epsilon, eta$ coordinates ?



I mean, I plug everything into the PDE, by $u_xy$ does not transforms the PDE into its canonical form, but $u_yx $ does.



I checked my calculations, but I couldn't find an error either.










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Where dd the extra factor of $-1$ in $u_xy$ come from?
    $endgroup$
    – amd
    Mar 13 at 20:33










  • $begingroup$
    @amd You are right, I that should be a plus! .Thanks a lot for pointing out. if you post your comment as an answer, I will accept.
    $endgroup$
    – onurcanbektas
    Mar 14 at 4:28













1












1








1


1



$begingroup$


I'm trying to reduce the PDE



$$u_xx + 2 u_xy + u_yy = 0,$$
to its canonical form $u_eta eta = 0.$



According to the book that I'm using, $epsilon (x,y) = y-x$ and $eta (x,y) = x$ is a valid coordinate transformation, so lets use it.



After doing the algebra,



$$u_xx = -1[u_epsilon epsilon * (-1) + u_epsilon eta ] + [(-1)* u_eta epsilon + u_eta eta],$$



$$u_yy = u_epsilon epsilon$$



$$u_xy = (-1)[(-1)u_epsilon epsilon] + [u_eta epsilon],$$
but $$u_yx = (-1) u_epsilon epsilon + u_epsilon eta not = u_xy.$$



So, what is wrong in with this transformation ?, and why the mixed partials are not equal in $epsilon, eta$ coordinates ?



I mean, I plug everything into the PDE, by $u_xy$ does not transforms the PDE into its canonical form, but $u_yx $ does.



I checked my calculations, but I couldn't find an error either.










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$




I'm trying to reduce the PDE



$$u_xx + 2 u_xy + u_yy = 0,$$
to its canonical form $u_eta eta = 0.$



According to the book that I'm using, $epsilon (x,y) = y-x$ and $eta (x,y) = x$ is a valid coordinate transformation, so lets use it.



After doing the algebra,



$$u_xx = -1[u_epsilon epsilon * (-1) + u_epsilon eta ] + [(-1)* u_eta epsilon + u_eta eta],$$



$$u_yy = u_epsilon epsilon$$



$$u_xy = (-1)[(-1)u_epsilon epsilon] + [u_eta epsilon],$$
but $$u_yx = (-1) u_epsilon epsilon + u_epsilon eta not = u_xy.$$



So, what is wrong in with this transformation ?, and why the mixed partials are not equal in $epsilon, eta$ coordinates ?



I mean, I plug everything into the PDE, by $u_xy$ does not transforms the PDE into its canonical form, but $u_yx $ does.



I checked my calculations, but I couldn't find an error either.







ordinary-differential-equations pde






share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question











share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question










asked Mar 13 at 18:20









onurcanbektasonurcanbektas

3,48411037




3,48411037







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Where dd the extra factor of $-1$ in $u_xy$ come from?
    $endgroup$
    – amd
    Mar 13 at 20:33










  • $begingroup$
    @amd You are right, I that should be a plus! .Thanks a lot for pointing out. if you post your comment as an answer, I will accept.
    $endgroup$
    – onurcanbektas
    Mar 14 at 4:28












  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Where dd the extra factor of $-1$ in $u_xy$ come from?
    $endgroup$
    – amd
    Mar 13 at 20:33










  • $begingroup$
    @amd You are right, I that should be a plus! .Thanks a lot for pointing out. if you post your comment as an answer, I will accept.
    $endgroup$
    – onurcanbektas
    Mar 14 at 4:28







1




1




$begingroup$
Where dd the extra factor of $-1$ in $u_xy$ come from?
$endgroup$
– amd
Mar 13 at 20:33




$begingroup$
Where dd the extra factor of $-1$ in $u_xy$ come from?
$endgroup$
– amd
Mar 13 at 20:33












$begingroup$
@amd You are right, I that should be a plus! .Thanks a lot for pointing out. if you post your comment as an answer, I will accept.
$endgroup$
– onurcanbektas
Mar 14 at 4:28




$begingroup$
@amd You are right, I that should be a plus! .Thanks a lot for pointing out. if you post your comment as an answer, I will accept.
$endgroup$
– onurcanbektas
Mar 14 at 4:28










1 Answer
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2












$begingroup$

It appears that you’ve got a stray factor of $-1$ in your expression for $u_xy$.



We have $$partial over partial x = partialepsilon over partial xpartial over partialepsilon + partialeta over partial xpartial over partialeta = -partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialeta \ partial over partial y = partialepsilon over partial ypartial over partialepsilon+partialeta over partial ypartial over partialeta = partial over partialepsilon$$ so, assuming equality of mixed partials with respect to $epsilon$ and $eta$, $$partial^2 over partial x , partial y = left(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright)partial over partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialeta,partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialepsilon,partialeta = partial over partialepsilonleft(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright) = partial^2 over partial y , partial x.$$






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    1 Answer
    1






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    active

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    2












    $begingroup$

    It appears that you’ve got a stray factor of $-1$ in your expression for $u_xy$.



    We have $$partial over partial x = partialepsilon over partial xpartial over partialepsilon + partialeta over partial xpartial over partialeta = -partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialeta \ partial over partial y = partialepsilon over partial ypartial over partialepsilon+partialeta over partial ypartial over partialeta = partial over partialepsilon$$ so, assuming equality of mixed partials with respect to $epsilon$ and $eta$, $$partial^2 over partial x , partial y = left(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright)partial over partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialeta,partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialepsilon,partialeta = partial over partialepsilonleft(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright) = partial^2 over partial y , partial x.$$






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$

















      2












      $begingroup$

      It appears that you’ve got a stray factor of $-1$ in your expression for $u_xy$.



      We have $$partial over partial x = partialepsilon over partial xpartial over partialepsilon + partialeta over partial xpartial over partialeta = -partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialeta \ partial over partial y = partialepsilon over partial ypartial over partialepsilon+partialeta over partial ypartial over partialeta = partial over partialepsilon$$ so, assuming equality of mixed partials with respect to $epsilon$ and $eta$, $$partial^2 over partial x , partial y = left(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright)partial over partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialeta,partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialepsilon,partialeta = partial over partialepsilonleft(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright) = partial^2 over partial y , partial x.$$






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$















        2












        2








        2





        $begingroup$

        It appears that you’ve got a stray factor of $-1$ in your expression for $u_xy$.



        We have $$partial over partial x = partialepsilon over partial xpartial over partialepsilon + partialeta over partial xpartial over partialeta = -partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialeta \ partial over partial y = partialepsilon over partial ypartial over partialepsilon+partialeta over partial ypartial over partialeta = partial over partialepsilon$$ so, assuming equality of mixed partials with respect to $epsilon$ and $eta$, $$partial^2 over partial x , partial y = left(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright)partial over partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialeta,partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialepsilon,partialeta = partial over partialepsilonleft(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright) = partial^2 over partial y , partial x.$$






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        It appears that you’ve got a stray factor of $-1$ in your expression for $u_xy$.



        We have $$partial over partial x = partialepsilon over partial xpartial over partialepsilon + partialeta over partial xpartial over partialeta = -partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialeta \ partial over partial y = partialepsilon over partial ypartial over partialepsilon+partialeta over partial ypartial over partialeta = partial over partialepsilon$$ so, assuming equality of mixed partials with respect to $epsilon$ and $eta$, $$partial^2 over partial x , partial y = left(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright)partial over partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialeta,partialepsilon = -partial^2 over partialepsilon^2+partial^2 over partialepsilon,partialeta = partial over partialepsilonleft(-partial over partialepsilon + partial over partialetaright) = partial^2 over partial y , partial x.$$







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Mar 14 at 6:51









        amdamd

        31.1k21051




        31.1k21051



























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