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Triguères
Triguères
	Commune
	; The town hall;
	; ; Coat of arms;
	; ; Coat of arms;
	; Location of Triguères; ; ; ;
	; ; ; ; ; Triguères; ; ; ; Show map of France; ; ; ; ; ; Triguères; ; ; ; Show map of Centre-Val de Loire; ;
	Coordinates: 47°56′21″N 2°58′54″E / 47.9392°N 2.9817°E / 47.9392; 2.9817Coordinates: 47°56′21″N 2°58′54″E / 47.9392°N 2.9817°E / 47.9392; 2.9817;
Country	France
Region	Centre-Val de Loire
Department	Loiret
Arrondissement	Montargis
Canton	Courtenay
Government ;
• Mayor .mw-parser-output .noboldfont-weight:normal; (2001–2007) ;	Michel Raigneau
Area 1;	35.78 km2 (13.81 sq mi)
Population (2012)2;	1,332
• Density	37/km2 (96/sq mi)
Time zone	; UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	; UTC+02:00 (CEST)
; INSEE/Postal code	; 45329 /45220
Elevation	112–192 m (367–630 ft)
	; 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.; 2Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

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Commune in Centre-Val de Loire, France

Triguères is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France.

Geography

The commune is traversed by the Ouanne River.

History

Triguères on Cassini map

Standing on the path from Orleans to Troyes - a major road from prehistoric times until the beginning of 19th century -, Triguères has provided many important prehistoric, Celtic and Roman remnants of its rich past.

Mousterian settlements

In 1922 a large Mousterian site was discovered at La Garenne. The artefacts found there, date from the end of acheulean tradition (from 500,000 to 300,000 y.a.) to the end of mousterian (30,000 y.a.).^[1]

Celtic times

Trilithe du Vieux-Garçon (“The Old Boy”)

A Celtic oppidum over 22 acres wide stood on the hill north of the river, surveilling the « chemin Perré » ("stone path") where flint stones were used according to the Celtic method, and not stone slabs as per the Roman method.^[2]

Roman period

Triguères is a choice candidate for being the Vellaunodunum mentioned by Julius Caesar's in Commentarii de Bello Gallico.^[2]^[3]^[4] The remnants of a large Gallo-Roman town were found in the 1850-1860, notably an amphitheatre,^[2]^{[Note 1]} a cemetery in 1857,^[5] a source sanctuary at the moulin du Chemin in 1858,^[5]^{[Note 2]} Gallo-Roman villas at les Vallées and les Monts,^{[Note 3]}^{[Note 4]} a Gallo-Roman temple,^[2] an aqueduct and two public Roman baths.^[2]

Greater Triguères entirely disappeared in 451 when Attila passed through the valley, coming from Orleans which he failed to take (his first major drawback in his campaign) and on his way to a full defeat at the battle of the Catalaunian Plains.^[2] Triguères waited for six centuries to start its rebirth, and it never recovered its former splendour.^[5]

Middle Ages

Saint Alpais of Cudot and his legend precede Triguères' rebuilding, along with the Christian expansion. Saint-Martin church dates back from the end of the 11th century.

The Chatelet house was built in 1550.

Saint-Martin church seen from the south-east

Roman porch, Saint-Martin church, Triguères

Reliquaries of Saint-Martin church in Triguères

References

Notes

^ Coordinates of the amphitheatre: 47°56′29.45″N 2°58′48.26″E / 47.9415139°N 2.9800722°E / 47.9415139; 2.9800722. It is still clearly visible in aerial photographs. Even though a house was built there, the relief of its large semi circle figure unmistakably shows on local maps with altitude lines.

^ Coordinates of the moulin du Chemin: 47°56′18.88″N 2°58′48.98″E / 47.9385778°N 2.9802722°E / 47.9385778; 2.9802722.

^ Coordinates of lieu-dit Les Vallées: 47°55′55.73″N 2°58′21.75″E / 47.9321472°N 2.9727083°E / 47.9321472; 2.9727083

^ Coordinates of lieudit Les Monts: 47°56′7.13″N 2°57′2.28″E / 47.9353139°N 2.9506333°E / 47.9353139; 2.9506333

References

^ (in French) La station moustérienne de la Garenne, commune de Triguères (Loiret). Aurèle Chevillon, Bulletin de la Société préhistorique de France, volume 47, n° 6-8, 1950, pages 372-375.

^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f (in French) Nouvelle étude sur les ruines celtiques et gallo-romaines de la commune de Triguères. Eugène Boutet de Monvel. Mémoire de la Société d'Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Orléans, tome 7, 1863, pages 137-172

^ M.A. Bréan, Itinéraire de l'expédition de César, 1865.

^ (in French) Étude sur les expéditions de Jules César dans les Carnutes. Eugène Boutet de Monvel. Mémoire de la Société d'Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Orléans, tome 7, 1863, pages 5-102.

^ ^a^b^c (in French) Histoire d'il y a belle lurette..., Triguères. Liliane Violas, L’Éclaireur du Gâtinais n° 2780, 11 February 1999.

[5] Coordinates of the amphitheatre: 47°56′29.45″N 2°58′48.26″E / 47.9415139°N 2.9800722°E / 47.9415139; 2.9800722. It is still clearly visible in aerial photographs. Even though a house was built there, the relief of its large semi circle figure unmistakably shows on local maps with altitude lines.

[7] Coordinates of the moulin du Chemin: 47°56′18.88″N 2°58′48.98″E / 47.9385778°N 2.9802722°E / 47.9385778; 2.9802722.

[8] Coordinates of lieu-dit Les Vallées: 47°55′55.73″N 2°58′21.75″E / 47.9321472°N 2.9727083°E / 47.9321472; 2.9727083

[9] Coordinates of lieudit Les Monts: 47°56′7.13″N 2°57′2.28″E / 47.9353139°N 2.9506333°E / 47.9353139; 2.9506333

[AurèleC-1] (in French) La station moustérienne de la Garenne, commune de Triguères (Loiret). Aurèle Chevillon, Bulletin de la Société préhistorique de France, volume 47, n° 6-8, 1950, pages 372-375.

[socagri-2] (in French) Nouvelle étude sur les ruines celtiques et gallo-romaines de la commune de Triguères. Eugène Boutet de Monvel. Mémoire de la Société d'Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Orléans, tome 7, 1863, pages 137-172

[3] M.A. Bréan, Itinéraire de l'expédition de César, 1865.

[socagriexpeditionscesar-4] (in French) Étude sur les expéditions de Jules César dans les Carnutes. Eugène Boutet de Monvel. Mémoire de la Société d'Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Orléans, tome 7, 1863, pages 5-102.

[violas-6] (in French) Histoire d'il y a belle lurette..., Triguères. Liliane Violas, L’Éclaireur du Gâtinais n° 2780, 11 February 1999.

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