What exactly is this small puffer fish doing and how did it manage to accomplish such a feat?How do sharks and other fish conserve and gain water in marine environments?What is this fish?! Is it even real?How does this headless fish still move?What kind of fish is this?Name and Behaviour of Arthropods near a CactusAny idea what this fish is?What are the small lumps in the mouth of the fish, and what is its function?Can anyone tell me what type of fish this is?Does someone know what kind of fish this is?What sort of fish is this?

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What exactly is this small puffer fish doing and how did it manage to accomplish such a feat?


How do sharks and other fish conserve and gain water in marine environments?What is this fish?! Is it even real?How does this headless fish still move?What kind of fish is this?Name and Behaviour of Arthropods near a CactusAny idea what this fish is?What are the small lumps in the mouth of the fish, and what is its function?Can anyone tell me what type of fish this is?Does someone know what kind of fish this is?What sort of fish is this?













22












$begingroup$


I recently saw a video on youtube where it shows a puffer fish making intricate designs in the sand:



OZZY MAN VIDEO



The puffer fish made this design on the sand:



enter image description here



What exactly is the puffer fish doing and how is it capable of accomplishing such a feat? Is this behavior learnt, or innate?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    @Strawberry do you have a source for this?
    $endgroup$
    – user35897
    Mar 18 at 9:54










  • $begingroup$
    They were making a poor joke.
    $endgroup$
    – Bryan Krause
    Mar 19 at 16:45















22












$begingroup$


I recently saw a video on youtube where it shows a puffer fish making intricate designs in the sand:



OZZY MAN VIDEO



The puffer fish made this design on the sand:



enter image description here



What exactly is the puffer fish doing and how is it capable of accomplishing such a feat? Is this behavior learnt, or innate?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    @Strawberry do you have a source for this?
    $endgroup$
    – user35897
    Mar 18 at 9:54










  • $begingroup$
    They were making a poor joke.
    $endgroup$
    – Bryan Krause
    Mar 19 at 16:45













22












22








22


2



$begingroup$


I recently saw a video on youtube where it shows a puffer fish making intricate designs in the sand:



OZZY MAN VIDEO



The puffer fish made this design on the sand:



enter image description here



What exactly is the puffer fish doing and how is it capable of accomplishing such a feat? Is this behavior learnt, or innate?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$




I recently saw a video on youtube where it shows a puffer fish making intricate designs in the sand:



OZZY MAN VIDEO



The puffer fish made this design on the sand:



enter image description here



What exactly is the puffer fish doing and how is it capable of accomplishing such a feat? Is this behavior learnt, or innate?







ethology ichthyology marine-biology






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Mar 16 at 9:24







user35897

















asked Mar 15 at 13:35









user35897user35897

658315




658315











  • $begingroup$
    @Strawberry do you have a source for this?
    $endgroup$
    – user35897
    Mar 18 at 9:54










  • $begingroup$
    They were making a poor joke.
    $endgroup$
    – Bryan Krause
    Mar 19 at 16:45
















  • $begingroup$
    @Strawberry do you have a source for this?
    $endgroup$
    – user35897
    Mar 18 at 9:54










  • $begingroup$
    They were making a poor joke.
    $endgroup$
    – Bryan Krause
    Mar 19 at 16:45















$begingroup$
@Strawberry do you have a source for this?
$endgroup$
– user35897
Mar 18 at 9:54




$begingroup$
@Strawberry do you have a source for this?
$endgroup$
– user35897
Mar 18 at 9:54












$begingroup$
They were making a poor joke.
$endgroup$
– Bryan Krause
Mar 19 at 16:45




$begingroup$
They were making a poor joke.
$endgroup$
– Bryan Krause
Mar 19 at 16:45










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















21












$begingroup$


A tiny Japanese puffer fish creates a grand sand sculpture on the featureless seabed by using his fins to dig furrows. He uses this to attract the attention of passing females.




  • Why do puffer fish build sandcastles? (BBC)






Further observation revealed that this “mysterious circle” was not just there to make the ocean floor look pretty. Attracted by the grooves and ridges, female puffer fish would find their way along the dark seabed to the male puffer fish where they would mate and lay eggs in the center of the circle. In fact, the scientists observed that the more ridges the circle contained, the more likely it was that the female would mate with the male. The little sea shells weren’t just in vain either. The observers believe that they serve as vital nutrients to the eggs as they hatch, and to the newborns.



  • http://www.spoon-tamago.com/2012/09/18/deep-sea-mystery-circle-love-story/



Here is the source of the video:




  • Puffer Fish Constructs A Masterpiece of Love - BBC Earth (YouTube)


The following papers analyse said structures and the ethology in more depth:




We report that male pufferfishes (Torquigener sp., Tetraodontidae) constructed large geometric circular structures on the seabed that played an important role in female mate choice. Males dug valleys at various angles in a radial direction, constructing nests surrounded by radially aligned peaks and valleys. Furthermore, they created irregular patterns in the nest comprising fine sand particles. The circular structure not only influences female mate choice but also functions to gather fine sand particles in nests, which are important in female mate choice. Strangely enough, the males never reuse the nest, always constructing a new circular structure at the huge cost of construction. This is because the valleys may not contain sufficient fine sand particles for multiple reproductive cycles.




  • Role of Huge Geometric Circular Structures in the Reproduction of a Marine Pufferfish (2013)






Here, we examined the process of the outer ring construction, and extracted the ‘rules’ followed by the pufferfish. During construction, the pufferfish repeatedly excavates ditches from the outside in. Generally, excavation starts at lower positions, and occurs in straight lines... A simulation program based on these data successfully reproduced the circle pattern, suggesting that the complex circle structure can be created by the repetition of simple actions by the pufferfish.
- Simple rules for construction of a geometric nest structure by pufferfish (2018)







share|improve this answer











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Ok thanks +1. But this only answers the first part of the question. How is such a puffer fish capable of doing this? Is this knowledge learnt or ingrained?
    $endgroup$
    – user35897
    Mar 15 at 16:32










  • $begingroup$
    @user35897 By 'how' I thought you meant mechanically, in which case the video shows better than a description.
    $endgroup$
    – ukemi
    Mar 15 at 16:58


















15












$begingroup$

This "nest" is created by a male pufferfish for both courtship and for rearing young.



The male puffer fish uses its body and fins (a combination of pectoral, anal, and caudal -- see here) to break up the sand into fine particles and to move it around into the pattern seen above. It swims in channel-like (or furrow) patterns to create the ray pattern seen:



https://j.gifs.com/D19z05.gif



You can see a more complete video of this action through this BBC video on Youtube.



According to here and here this male puffer fish does all this to attract a female. National Geographic adds:




The circles, scientists say, are actually nests created by male pufferfish, which spend about ten days carefully constructing and decorating the structures to woo females. What’s more, this industrious pufferfish is thought to be a new species in the Torquigener genus, according to the study, published July 1 [2013] in the journal Scientific Reports....



When a potential female partner arrives on the scene, the male stirs up the fine sand in the nest’s inner circle. If she deems the nest, and the male who built it, satisfactory, she lays her eggs in the center of the nest and leaves.




Scientists are not sure why building intricate sand nests attract mates, but perhaps a larger, more-intricate nest (i.e., one that took a long time) could indicate to the female that the male is stronger or more fit.



All this effort does not stop at courtship however. Again from Nat Geo:




Once the female splits, though, it’s the male who does the parental chores: He remains in the nest until the eggs hatch six days later.







share|improve this answer











$endgroup$












    Your Answer





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    2 Answers
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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    21












    $begingroup$


    A tiny Japanese puffer fish creates a grand sand sculpture on the featureless seabed by using his fins to dig furrows. He uses this to attract the attention of passing females.




    • Why do puffer fish build sandcastles? (BBC)






    Further observation revealed that this “mysterious circle” was not just there to make the ocean floor look pretty. Attracted by the grooves and ridges, female puffer fish would find their way along the dark seabed to the male puffer fish where they would mate and lay eggs in the center of the circle. In fact, the scientists observed that the more ridges the circle contained, the more likely it was that the female would mate with the male. The little sea shells weren’t just in vain either. The observers believe that they serve as vital nutrients to the eggs as they hatch, and to the newborns.



    • http://www.spoon-tamago.com/2012/09/18/deep-sea-mystery-circle-love-story/



    Here is the source of the video:




    • Puffer Fish Constructs A Masterpiece of Love - BBC Earth (YouTube)


    The following papers analyse said structures and the ethology in more depth:




    We report that male pufferfishes (Torquigener sp., Tetraodontidae) constructed large geometric circular structures on the seabed that played an important role in female mate choice. Males dug valleys at various angles in a radial direction, constructing nests surrounded by radially aligned peaks and valleys. Furthermore, they created irregular patterns in the nest comprising fine sand particles. The circular structure not only influences female mate choice but also functions to gather fine sand particles in nests, which are important in female mate choice. Strangely enough, the males never reuse the nest, always constructing a new circular structure at the huge cost of construction. This is because the valleys may not contain sufficient fine sand particles for multiple reproductive cycles.




    • Role of Huge Geometric Circular Structures in the Reproduction of a Marine Pufferfish (2013)






    Here, we examined the process of the outer ring construction, and extracted the ‘rules’ followed by the pufferfish. During construction, the pufferfish repeatedly excavates ditches from the outside in. Generally, excavation starts at lower positions, and occurs in straight lines... A simulation program based on these data successfully reproduced the circle pattern, suggesting that the complex circle structure can be created by the repetition of simple actions by the pufferfish.
    - Simple rules for construction of a geometric nest structure by pufferfish (2018)







    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ok thanks +1. But this only answers the first part of the question. How is such a puffer fish capable of doing this? Is this knowledge learnt or ingrained?
      $endgroup$
      – user35897
      Mar 15 at 16:32










    • $begingroup$
      @user35897 By 'how' I thought you meant mechanically, in which case the video shows better than a description.
      $endgroup$
      – ukemi
      Mar 15 at 16:58















    21












    $begingroup$


    A tiny Japanese puffer fish creates a grand sand sculpture on the featureless seabed by using his fins to dig furrows. He uses this to attract the attention of passing females.




    • Why do puffer fish build sandcastles? (BBC)






    Further observation revealed that this “mysterious circle” was not just there to make the ocean floor look pretty. Attracted by the grooves and ridges, female puffer fish would find their way along the dark seabed to the male puffer fish where they would mate and lay eggs in the center of the circle. In fact, the scientists observed that the more ridges the circle contained, the more likely it was that the female would mate with the male. The little sea shells weren’t just in vain either. The observers believe that they serve as vital nutrients to the eggs as they hatch, and to the newborns.



    • http://www.spoon-tamago.com/2012/09/18/deep-sea-mystery-circle-love-story/



    Here is the source of the video:




    • Puffer Fish Constructs A Masterpiece of Love - BBC Earth (YouTube)


    The following papers analyse said structures and the ethology in more depth:




    We report that male pufferfishes (Torquigener sp., Tetraodontidae) constructed large geometric circular structures on the seabed that played an important role in female mate choice. Males dug valleys at various angles in a radial direction, constructing nests surrounded by radially aligned peaks and valleys. Furthermore, they created irregular patterns in the nest comprising fine sand particles. The circular structure not only influences female mate choice but also functions to gather fine sand particles in nests, which are important in female mate choice. Strangely enough, the males never reuse the nest, always constructing a new circular structure at the huge cost of construction. This is because the valleys may not contain sufficient fine sand particles for multiple reproductive cycles.




    • Role of Huge Geometric Circular Structures in the Reproduction of a Marine Pufferfish (2013)






    Here, we examined the process of the outer ring construction, and extracted the ‘rules’ followed by the pufferfish. During construction, the pufferfish repeatedly excavates ditches from the outside in. Generally, excavation starts at lower positions, and occurs in straight lines... A simulation program based on these data successfully reproduced the circle pattern, suggesting that the complex circle structure can be created by the repetition of simple actions by the pufferfish.
    - Simple rules for construction of a geometric nest structure by pufferfish (2018)







    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ok thanks +1. But this only answers the first part of the question. How is such a puffer fish capable of doing this? Is this knowledge learnt or ingrained?
      $endgroup$
      – user35897
      Mar 15 at 16:32










    • $begingroup$
      @user35897 By 'how' I thought you meant mechanically, in which case the video shows better than a description.
      $endgroup$
      – ukemi
      Mar 15 at 16:58













    21












    21








    21





    $begingroup$


    A tiny Japanese puffer fish creates a grand sand sculpture on the featureless seabed by using his fins to dig furrows. He uses this to attract the attention of passing females.




    • Why do puffer fish build sandcastles? (BBC)






    Further observation revealed that this “mysterious circle” was not just there to make the ocean floor look pretty. Attracted by the grooves and ridges, female puffer fish would find their way along the dark seabed to the male puffer fish where they would mate and lay eggs in the center of the circle. In fact, the scientists observed that the more ridges the circle contained, the more likely it was that the female would mate with the male. The little sea shells weren’t just in vain either. The observers believe that they serve as vital nutrients to the eggs as they hatch, and to the newborns.



    • http://www.spoon-tamago.com/2012/09/18/deep-sea-mystery-circle-love-story/



    Here is the source of the video:




    • Puffer Fish Constructs A Masterpiece of Love - BBC Earth (YouTube)


    The following papers analyse said structures and the ethology in more depth:




    We report that male pufferfishes (Torquigener sp., Tetraodontidae) constructed large geometric circular structures on the seabed that played an important role in female mate choice. Males dug valleys at various angles in a radial direction, constructing nests surrounded by radially aligned peaks and valleys. Furthermore, they created irregular patterns in the nest comprising fine sand particles. The circular structure not only influences female mate choice but also functions to gather fine sand particles in nests, which are important in female mate choice. Strangely enough, the males never reuse the nest, always constructing a new circular structure at the huge cost of construction. This is because the valleys may not contain sufficient fine sand particles for multiple reproductive cycles.




    • Role of Huge Geometric Circular Structures in the Reproduction of a Marine Pufferfish (2013)






    Here, we examined the process of the outer ring construction, and extracted the ‘rules’ followed by the pufferfish. During construction, the pufferfish repeatedly excavates ditches from the outside in. Generally, excavation starts at lower positions, and occurs in straight lines... A simulation program based on these data successfully reproduced the circle pattern, suggesting that the complex circle structure can be created by the repetition of simple actions by the pufferfish.
    - Simple rules for construction of a geometric nest structure by pufferfish (2018)







    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$




    A tiny Japanese puffer fish creates a grand sand sculpture on the featureless seabed by using his fins to dig furrows. He uses this to attract the attention of passing females.




    • Why do puffer fish build sandcastles? (BBC)






    Further observation revealed that this “mysterious circle” was not just there to make the ocean floor look pretty. Attracted by the grooves and ridges, female puffer fish would find their way along the dark seabed to the male puffer fish where they would mate and lay eggs in the center of the circle. In fact, the scientists observed that the more ridges the circle contained, the more likely it was that the female would mate with the male. The little sea shells weren’t just in vain either. The observers believe that they serve as vital nutrients to the eggs as they hatch, and to the newborns.



    • http://www.spoon-tamago.com/2012/09/18/deep-sea-mystery-circle-love-story/



    Here is the source of the video:




    • Puffer Fish Constructs A Masterpiece of Love - BBC Earth (YouTube)


    The following papers analyse said structures and the ethology in more depth:




    We report that male pufferfishes (Torquigener sp., Tetraodontidae) constructed large geometric circular structures on the seabed that played an important role in female mate choice. Males dug valleys at various angles in a radial direction, constructing nests surrounded by radially aligned peaks and valleys. Furthermore, they created irregular patterns in the nest comprising fine sand particles. The circular structure not only influences female mate choice but also functions to gather fine sand particles in nests, which are important in female mate choice. Strangely enough, the males never reuse the nest, always constructing a new circular structure at the huge cost of construction. This is because the valleys may not contain sufficient fine sand particles for multiple reproductive cycles.




    • Role of Huge Geometric Circular Structures in the Reproduction of a Marine Pufferfish (2013)






    Here, we examined the process of the outer ring construction, and extracted the ‘rules’ followed by the pufferfish. During construction, the pufferfish repeatedly excavates ditches from the outside in. Generally, excavation starts at lower positions, and occurs in straight lines... A simulation program based on these data successfully reproduced the circle pattern, suggesting that the complex circle structure can be created by the repetition of simple actions by the pufferfish.
    - Simple rules for construction of a geometric nest structure by pufferfish (2018)








    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited Mar 19 at 16:18

























    answered Mar 15 at 15:03









    ukemiukemi

    619114




    619114







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ok thanks +1. But this only answers the first part of the question. How is such a puffer fish capable of doing this? Is this knowledge learnt or ingrained?
      $endgroup$
      – user35897
      Mar 15 at 16:32










    • $begingroup$
      @user35897 By 'how' I thought you meant mechanically, in which case the video shows better than a description.
      $endgroup$
      – ukemi
      Mar 15 at 16:58












    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ok thanks +1. But this only answers the first part of the question. How is such a puffer fish capable of doing this? Is this knowledge learnt or ingrained?
      $endgroup$
      – user35897
      Mar 15 at 16:32










    • $begingroup$
      @user35897 By 'how' I thought you meant mechanically, in which case the video shows better than a description.
      $endgroup$
      – ukemi
      Mar 15 at 16:58







    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    Ok thanks +1. But this only answers the first part of the question. How is such a puffer fish capable of doing this? Is this knowledge learnt or ingrained?
    $endgroup$
    – user35897
    Mar 15 at 16:32




    $begingroup$
    Ok thanks +1. But this only answers the first part of the question. How is such a puffer fish capable of doing this? Is this knowledge learnt or ingrained?
    $endgroup$
    – user35897
    Mar 15 at 16:32












    $begingroup$
    @user35897 By 'how' I thought you meant mechanically, in which case the video shows better than a description.
    $endgroup$
    – ukemi
    Mar 15 at 16:58




    $begingroup$
    @user35897 By 'how' I thought you meant mechanically, in which case the video shows better than a description.
    $endgroup$
    – ukemi
    Mar 15 at 16:58











    15












    $begingroup$

    This "nest" is created by a male pufferfish for both courtship and for rearing young.



    The male puffer fish uses its body and fins (a combination of pectoral, anal, and caudal -- see here) to break up the sand into fine particles and to move it around into the pattern seen above. It swims in channel-like (or furrow) patterns to create the ray pattern seen:



    https://j.gifs.com/D19z05.gif



    You can see a more complete video of this action through this BBC video on Youtube.



    According to here and here this male puffer fish does all this to attract a female. National Geographic adds:




    The circles, scientists say, are actually nests created by male pufferfish, which spend about ten days carefully constructing and decorating the structures to woo females. What’s more, this industrious pufferfish is thought to be a new species in the Torquigener genus, according to the study, published July 1 [2013] in the journal Scientific Reports....



    When a potential female partner arrives on the scene, the male stirs up the fine sand in the nest’s inner circle. If she deems the nest, and the male who built it, satisfactory, she lays her eggs in the center of the nest and leaves.




    Scientists are not sure why building intricate sand nests attract mates, but perhaps a larger, more-intricate nest (i.e., one that took a long time) could indicate to the female that the male is stronger or more fit.



    All this effort does not stop at courtship however. Again from Nat Geo:




    Once the female splits, though, it’s the male who does the parental chores: He remains in the nest until the eggs hatch six days later.







    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$

















      15












      $begingroup$

      This "nest" is created by a male pufferfish for both courtship and for rearing young.



      The male puffer fish uses its body and fins (a combination of pectoral, anal, and caudal -- see here) to break up the sand into fine particles and to move it around into the pattern seen above. It swims in channel-like (or furrow) patterns to create the ray pattern seen:



      https://j.gifs.com/D19z05.gif



      You can see a more complete video of this action through this BBC video on Youtube.



      According to here and here this male puffer fish does all this to attract a female. National Geographic adds:




      The circles, scientists say, are actually nests created by male pufferfish, which spend about ten days carefully constructing and decorating the structures to woo females. What’s more, this industrious pufferfish is thought to be a new species in the Torquigener genus, according to the study, published July 1 [2013] in the journal Scientific Reports....



      When a potential female partner arrives on the scene, the male stirs up the fine sand in the nest’s inner circle. If she deems the nest, and the male who built it, satisfactory, she lays her eggs in the center of the nest and leaves.




      Scientists are not sure why building intricate sand nests attract mates, but perhaps a larger, more-intricate nest (i.e., one that took a long time) could indicate to the female that the male is stronger or more fit.



      All this effort does not stop at courtship however. Again from Nat Geo:




      Once the female splits, though, it’s the male who does the parental chores: He remains in the nest until the eggs hatch six days later.







      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$















        15












        15








        15





        $begingroup$

        This "nest" is created by a male pufferfish for both courtship and for rearing young.



        The male puffer fish uses its body and fins (a combination of pectoral, anal, and caudal -- see here) to break up the sand into fine particles and to move it around into the pattern seen above. It swims in channel-like (or furrow) patterns to create the ray pattern seen:



        https://j.gifs.com/D19z05.gif



        You can see a more complete video of this action through this BBC video on Youtube.



        According to here and here this male puffer fish does all this to attract a female. National Geographic adds:




        The circles, scientists say, are actually nests created by male pufferfish, which spend about ten days carefully constructing and decorating the structures to woo females. What’s more, this industrious pufferfish is thought to be a new species in the Torquigener genus, according to the study, published July 1 [2013] in the journal Scientific Reports....



        When a potential female partner arrives on the scene, the male stirs up the fine sand in the nest’s inner circle. If she deems the nest, and the male who built it, satisfactory, she lays her eggs in the center of the nest and leaves.




        Scientists are not sure why building intricate sand nests attract mates, but perhaps a larger, more-intricate nest (i.e., one that took a long time) could indicate to the female that the male is stronger or more fit.



        All this effort does not stop at courtship however. Again from Nat Geo:




        Once the female splits, though, it’s the male who does the parental chores: He remains in the nest until the eggs hatch six days later.







        share|improve this answer











        $endgroup$



        This "nest" is created by a male pufferfish for both courtship and for rearing young.



        The male puffer fish uses its body and fins (a combination of pectoral, anal, and caudal -- see here) to break up the sand into fine particles and to move it around into the pattern seen above. It swims in channel-like (or furrow) patterns to create the ray pattern seen:



        https://j.gifs.com/D19z05.gif



        You can see a more complete video of this action through this BBC video on Youtube.



        According to here and here this male puffer fish does all this to attract a female. National Geographic adds:




        The circles, scientists say, are actually nests created by male pufferfish, which spend about ten days carefully constructing and decorating the structures to woo females. What’s more, this industrious pufferfish is thought to be a new species in the Torquigener genus, according to the study, published July 1 [2013] in the journal Scientific Reports....



        When a potential female partner arrives on the scene, the male stirs up the fine sand in the nest’s inner circle. If she deems the nest, and the male who built it, satisfactory, she lays her eggs in the center of the nest and leaves.




        Scientists are not sure why building intricate sand nests attract mates, but perhaps a larger, more-intricate nest (i.e., one that took a long time) could indicate to the female that the male is stronger or more fit.



        All this effort does not stop at courtship however. Again from Nat Geo:




        Once the female splits, though, it’s the male who does the parental chores: He remains in the nest until the eggs hatch six days later.








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        edited Mar 16 at 21:10

























        answered Mar 15 at 21:04









        theforestecologisttheforestecologist

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