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What does the mathematical symbol with an underline below the variable name mean?



The 2019 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results Are InWhat does $R_0^+$ mean?Bar symbol over a matrixWhat does this $asymp$ symbol mean? (subject: analytic number theory)Matrix product notationWhat does a function as a subscript mean?What does $ int a$ ^ $ b $ mean?What Does the Logical Equivalence Symbol Mean Between Two Sets?What does this notation mean in modular arithmetic?Meaning of $gtrless$ in the context of multiple hypothesis testingWhat does $sim_k$ mean










0












$begingroup$


I have been reading a research paper. The author has used a variable '$x$' with an underline beneath '$x$'. I know that a variable with with a line on top of it implies it's arithmetic mean. But I have never seen a symbol with a line under the variable name. Can anyone please tell what it means.



Thanks in advance.






notation







share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    You mean $largeunderline x$ ? What is the context ?
    $endgroup$
    – callculus
    May 16 '16 at 18:16











  • $begingroup$
    Yes. But the paper is related to Linear Programming.
    $endgroup$
    – sajid
    May 16 '16 at 18:17







  • 6




    $begingroup$
    There is no universal meaning for underlining of variables. It would be impossible to guess the meaning without having the paper identified, but almost surely the author defines that notation before using it.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    May 16 '16 at 18:18






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    "have been reading a research paper" - where? A link would be helpful. Even better, as previously noted, the author surely explained his/her notations somewhere near the paper's beginning.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is not a mathematician
    May 16 '16 at 18:20










  • $begingroup$
    @user3708999 Can you scan the context and upload?
    $endgroup$
    – Narasimham
    May 16 '16 at 18:27















0












$begingroup$


I have been reading a research paper. The author has used a variable '$x$' with an underline beneath '$x$'. I know that a variable with with a line on top of it implies it's arithmetic mean. But I have never seen a symbol with a line under the variable name. Can anyone please tell what it means.



Thanks in advance.






notation







share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    You mean $largeunderline x$ ? What is the context ?
    $endgroup$
    – callculus
    May 16 '16 at 18:16











  • $begingroup$
    Yes. But the paper is related to Linear Programming.
    $endgroup$
    – sajid
    May 16 '16 at 18:17







  • 6




    $begingroup$
    There is no universal meaning for underlining of variables. It would be impossible to guess the meaning without having the paper identified, but almost surely the author defines that notation before using it.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    May 16 '16 at 18:18






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    "have been reading a research paper" - where? A link would be helpful. Even better, as previously noted, the author surely explained his/her notations somewhere near the paper's beginning.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is not a mathematician
    May 16 '16 at 18:20










  • $begingroup$
    @user3708999 Can you scan the context and upload?
    $endgroup$
    – Narasimham
    May 16 '16 at 18:27













0












0








0





$begingroup$


I have been reading a research paper. The author has used a variable '$x$' with an underline beneath '$x$'. I know that a variable with with a line on top of it implies it's arithmetic mean. But I have never seen a symbol with a line under the variable name. Can anyone please tell what it means.



Thanks in advance.






notation







share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




I have been reading a research paper. The author has used a variable '$x$' with an underline beneath '$x$'. I know that a variable with with a line on top of it implies it's arithmetic mean. But I have never seen a symbol with a line under the variable name. Can anyone please tell what it means.



Thanks in advance.






notation




notation






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited May 16 '16 at 18:32









J. M. is not a mathematician

61.2k5152290




61.2k5152290










asked May 16 '16 at 18:13









sajidsajid

812




812







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    You mean $largeunderline x$ ? What is the context ?
    $endgroup$
    – callculus
    May 16 '16 at 18:16











  • $begingroup$
    Yes. But the paper is related to Linear Programming.
    $endgroup$
    – sajid
    May 16 '16 at 18:17







  • 6




    $begingroup$
    There is no universal meaning for underlining of variables. It would be impossible to guess the meaning without having the paper identified, but almost surely the author defines that notation before using it.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    May 16 '16 at 18:18






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    "have been reading a research paper" - where? A link would be helpful. Even better, as previously noted, the author surely explained his/her notations somewhere near the paper's beginning.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is not a mathematician
    May 16 '16 at 18:20










  • $begingroup$
    @user3708999 Can you scan the context and upload?
    $endgroup$
    – Narasimham
    May 16 '16 at 18:27












  • 1




    $begingroup$
    You mean $largeunderline x$ ? What is the context ?
    $endgroup$
    – callculus
    May 16 '16 at 18:16











  • $begingroup$
    Yes. But the paper is related to Linear Programming.
    $endgroup$
    – sajid
    May 16 '16 at 18:17







  • 6




    $begingroup$
    There is no universal meaning for underlining of variables. It would be impossible to guess the meaning without having the paper identified, but almost surely the author defines that notation before using it.
    $endgroup$
    – hardmath
    May 16 '16 at 18:18






  • 4




    $begingroup$
    "have been reading a research paper" - where? A link would be helpful. Even better, as previously noted, the author surely explained his/her notations somewhere near the paper's beginning.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is not a mathematician
    May 16 '16 at 18:20










  • $begingroup$
    @user3708999 Can you scan the context and upload?
    $endgroup$
    – Narasimham
    May 16 '16 at 18:27







1




1




$begingroup$
You mean $largeunderline x$ ? What is the context ?
$endgroup$
– callculus
May 16 '16 at 18:16





$begingroup$
You mean $largeunderline x$ ? What is the context ?
$endgroup$
– callculus
May 16 '16 at 18:16













$begingroup$
Yes. But the paper is related to Linear Programming.
$endgroup$
– sajid
May 16 '16 at 18:17





$begingroup$
Yes. But the paper is related to Linear Programming.
$endgroup$
– sajid
May 16 '16 at 18:17





6




6




$begingroup$
There is no universal meaning for underlining of variables. It would be impossible to guess the meaning without having the paper identified, but almost surely the author defines that notation before using it.
$endgroup$
– hardmath
May 16 '16 at 18:18




$begingroup$
There is no universal meaning for underlining of variables. It would be impossible to guess the meaning without having the paper identified, but almost surely the author defines that notation before using it.
$endgroup$
– hardmath
May 16 '16 at 18:18




4




4




$begingroup$
"have been reading a research paper" - where? A link would be helpful. Even better, as previously noted, the author surely explained his/her notations somewhere near the paper's beginning.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is not a mathematician
May 16 '16 at 18:20




$begingroup$
"have been reading a research paper" - where? A link would be helpful. Even better, as previously noted, the author surely explained his/her notations somewhere near the paper's beginning.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is not a mathematician
May 16 '16 at 18:20












$begingroup$
@user3708999 Can you scan the context and upload?
$endgroup$
– Narasimham
May 16 '16 at 18:27




$begingroup$
@user3708999 Can you scan the context and upload?
$endgroup$
– Narasimham
May 16 '16 at 18:27










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















1












$begingroup$

Such a notation often means a vector that is a solution of minimization problem in linear programming.



I googled for another article on MDS problem, it uses just ordinary vector notation (see p.4)






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$




















    1












    $begingroup$

    It's not an often-used convention, but in physics, matrices are sometimes appended with a double line underneath and vectors a single line underneath. This somewhat unifies the matrix/vector notation without the clumsiness of vector notation (and how to extend that to matrices).






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      Your answer gives me a hint that it should be a vector. It fits in the context. Thanks.
      $endgroup$
      – sajid
      May 16 '16 at 18:27


















    1












    $begingroup$

    In the article linked below, it seems it is used to mean the minimum possible value of the variable, while the same variable with a line above it means the maximum possible value of the variable.



    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221107546_On_Decision_Making_under_Interval_Uncertainty_A_New_Justification_of_Hurwicz_Optimism-Pessimism_Approach_and_its_Use_in_Group_Decision_Making






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













      Your Answer





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      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes








      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      1












      $begingroup$

      Such a notation often means a vector that is a solution of minimization problem in linear programming.



      I googled for another article on MDS problem, it uses just ordinary vector notation (see p.4)






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$

















        1












        $begingroup$

        Such a notation often means a vector that is a solution of minimization problem in linear programming.



        I googled for another article on MDS problem, it uses just ordinary vector notation (see p.4)






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$















          1












          1








          1





          $begingroup$

          Such a notation often means a vector that is a solution of minimization problem in linear programming.



          I googled for another article on MDS problem, it uses just ordinary vector notation (see p.4)






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$



          Such a notation often means a vector that is a solution of minimization problem in linear programming.



          I googled for another article on MDS problem, it uses just ordinary vector notation (see p.4)







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered May 16 '16 at 19:26









          SlowpokeSlowpoke

          657923




          657923





















              1












              $begingroup$

              It's not an often-used convention, but in physics, matrices are sometimes appended with a double line underneath and vectors a single line underneath. This somewhat unifies the matrix/vector notation without the clumsiness of vector notation (and how to extend that to matrices).






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$












              • $begingroup$
                Your answer gives me a hint that it should be a vector. It fits in the context. Thanks.
                $endgroup$
                – sajid
                May 16 '16 at 18:27















              1












              $begingroup$

              It's not an often-used convention, but in physics, matrices are sometimes appended with a double line underneath and vectors a single line underneath. This somewhat unifies the matrix/vector notation without the clumsiness of vector notation (and how to extend that to matrices).






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$












              • $begingroup$
                Your answer gives me a hint that it should be a vector. It fits in the context. Thanks.
                $endgroup$
                – sajid
                May 16 '16 at 18:27













              1












              1








              1





              $begingroup$

              It's not an often-used convention, but in physics, matrices are sometimes appended with a double line underneath and vectors a single line underneath. This somewhat unifies the matrix/vector notation without the clumsiness of vector notation (and how to extend that to matrices).






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$



              It's not an often-used convention, but in physics, matrices are sometimes appended with a double line underneath and vectors a single line underneath. This somewhat unifies the matrix/vector notation without the clumsiness of vector notation (and how to extend that to matrices).







              share|cite|improve this answer












              share|cite|improve this answer



              share|cite|improve this answer










              answered May 16 '16 at 18:25









              Cameron WilliamsCameron Williams

              22.5k43680




              22.5k43680











              • $begingroup$
                Your answer gives me a hint that it should be a vector. It fits in the context. Thanks.
                $endgroup$
                – sajid
                May 16 '16 at 18:27
















              • $begingroup$
                Your answer gives me a hint that it should be a vector. It fits in the context. Thanks.
                $endgroup$
                – sajid
                May 16 '16 at 18:27















              $begingroup$
              Your answer gives me a hint that it should be a vector. It fits in the context. Thanks.
              $endgroup$
              – sajid
              May 16 '16 at 18:27




              $begingroup$
              Your answer gives me a hint that it should be a vector. It fits in the context. Thanks.
              $endgroup$
              – sajid
              May 16 '16 at 18:27











              1












              $begingroup$

              In the article linked below, it seems it is used to mean the minimum possible value of the variable, while the same variable with a line above it means the maximum possible value of the variable.



              https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221107546_On_Decision_Making_under_Interval_Uncertainty_A_New_Justification_of_Hurwicz_Optimism-Pessimism_Approach_and_its_Use_in_Group_Decision_Making






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$

















                1












                $begingroup$

                In the article linked below, it seems it is used to mean the minimum possible value of the variable, while the same variable with a line above it means the maximum possible value of the variable.



                https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221107546_On_Decision_Making_under_Interval_Uncertainty_A_New_Justification_of_Hurwicz_Optimism-Pessimism_Approach_and_its_Use_in_Group_Decision_Making






                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$















                  1












                  1








                  1





                  $begingroup$

                  In the article linked below, it seems it is used to mean the minimum possible value of the variable, while the same variable with a line above it means the maximum possible value of the variable.



                  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221107546_On_Decision_Making_under_Interval_Uncertainty_A_New_Justification_of_Hurwicz_Optimism-Pessimism_Approach_and_its_Use_in_Group_Decision_Making






                  share|cite|improve this answer









                  $endgroup$



                  In the article linked below, it seems it is used to mean the minimum possible value of the variable, while the same variable with a line above it means the maximum possible value of the variable.



                  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221107546_On_Decision_Making_under_Interval_Uncertainty_A_New_Justification_of_Hurwicz_Optimism-Pessimism_Approach_and_its_Use_in_Group_Decision_Making







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered Jun 27 '17 at 18:33









                  mikemike

                  111




                  111



























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