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How to prove Dilation property of Lebesgue integral


If $f$ is Lebesgue measurable, prove that there is a Borel measurable function $g$ such that $f=g$ except, possibly, on a Borel set of measure zero.Help with a Lebesgue integration problem.How to show $int_[0, +infty) frac21+x^2 dx$ Lebesgue integrable?How to prove an inequality of Lebesgue integral?Questions of an exercise in Lebesgue integralDilation of Real Valued Lebesgue IntegralProve that lebesgue integrable equal lebesgue measureIf $f in L^+$ and $int f<infty$ then there exists a null setUsing the Lebesgue dominated convergence theoremLebesgue-integrability of the Dirac delta function?













0












$begingroup$



Let $fin L^1(mathbbR^d), a_1,dots,a_d>0$, and $a=(a_1,dots,a_d)$. Define
$$g(x)=f(a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$$
Show that $din L^1(mathbb R^d)$ and that $$int g=left(prod^d_j=1a_jright)int f.$$




$textbfMy Attempt:$ Since $f$ is integrable, it is also measurable, and hence there is an increasing sequence of simple functions $(varphi_n)_n$, such that $varphi_nto f$ a.e. This implies that $varphi_n(a^-1x)to f(a^-1x)$ a.e, where $a^-1xequiv (a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$ This implies that $g$ is measurable since it is a limit of measurable functions.



Let $varphi(x)=sum_j=1^Nc_jcdot1_E_j(x)$ be a simple function, where the $E_j$ are measurable sets. Then we have by dilation invariance of the Lebesgue measure and linearity of the Lebesgue integral we get for $psi(x)=varphi(a^-1x)$
$$largeintpsi=sum^N_j=1c_km(a^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_jsum^N_j=1c_k m(E_j).$$
For a non-negative integrable function, the monotone convergence theorem comes to the rescue, since we can approximate our function by an increasing sequence of simple functions, and then the result follows from the above.



Here is the work. Let $g$ be as at the start, but non-negative for simplicity. Then we have by the remark, using the Monotone convergence theorem that
$$largeint g=limlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n(a^-1x)=prod^d_j=1a_jlimlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n=prod^d_j=1a_jint f.$$




Is my work above correct? Any feedback is much welcomed.



Thank you for your time.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    $m([0,2]) = m(2[0, 1]) = 2m([0, 1]) = 2$, right? So something is shady in here. $int varphi_n(a^-1x)dx = sum c_jm(aE_j)$, $1_E(a^-1x) = 1_aE(x)$
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 20:53











  • $begingroup$
    @Jakobian My bad, I worked out that $1_E(ax)=1_a^-1E(x)$ for $mathbbR$ and then we extend this to $mathbbR^d$ by using the product measure, since if $E=E_1timescdotstimes E_d$, then $m(a^-1E)=prod^d_j=1m(a_j^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_j^-1m(E)$. Is that right?
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 16 at 21:50











  • $begingroup$
    Yes, that's right
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 22:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is not dilation invariance. It's the dilation property of the Lebesgue integral in this setting.
    $endgroup$
    – zhw.
    Mar 17 at 15:25










  • $begingroup$
    @zhw. My mistake, sorry. I corrected the error.
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 20 at 9:38















0












$begingroup$



Let $fin L^1(mathbbR^d), a_1,dots,a_d>0$, and $a=(a_1,dots,a_d)$. Define
$$g(x)=f(a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$$
Show that $din L^1(mathbb R^d)$ and that $$int g=left(prod^d_j=1a_jright)int f.$$




$textbfMy Attempt:$ Since $f$ is integrable, it is also measurable, and hence there is an increasing sequence of simple functions $(varphi_n)_n$, such that $varphi_nto f$ a.e. This implies that $varphi_n(a^-1x)to f(a^-1x)$ a.e, where $a^-1xequiv (a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$ This implies that $g$ is measurable since it is a limit of measurable functions.



Let $varphi(x)=sum_j=1^Nc_jcdot1_E_j(x)$ be a simple function, where the $E_j$ are measurable sets. Then we have by dilation invariance of the Lebesgue measure and linearity of the Lebesgue integral we get for $psi(x)=varphi(a^-1x)$
$$largeintpsi=sum^N_j=1c_km(a^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_jsum^N_j=1c_k m(E_j).$$
For a non-negative integrable function, the monotone convergence theorem comes to the rescue, since we can approximate our function by an increasing sequence of simple functions, and then the result follows from the above.



Here is the work. Let $g$ be as at the start, but non-negative for simplicity. Then we have by the remark, using the Monotone convergence theorem that
$$largeint g=limlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n(a^-1x)=prod^d_j=1a_jlimlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n=prod^d_j=1a_jint f.$$




Is my work above correct? Any feedback is much welcomed.



Thank you for your time.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    $m([0,2]) = m(2[0, 1]) = 2m([0, 1]) = 2$, right? So something is shady in here. $int varphi_n(a^-1x)dx = sum c_jm(aE_j)$, $1_E(a^-1x) = 1_aE(x)$
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 20:53











  • $begingroup$
    @Jakobian My bad, I worked out that $1_E(ax)=1_a^-1E(x)$ for $mathbbR$ and then we extend this to $mathbbR^d$ by using the product measure, since if $E=E_1timescdotstimes E_d$, then $m(a^-1E)=prod^d_j=1m(a_j^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_j^-1m(E)$. Is that right?
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 16 at 21:50











  • $begingroup$
    Yes, that's right
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 22:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is not dilation invariance. It's the dilation property of the Lebesgue integral in this setting.
    $endgroup$
    – zhw.
    Mar 17 at 15:25










  • $begingroup$
    @zhw. My mistake, sorry. I corrected the error.
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 20 at 9:38













0












0








0





$begingroup$



Let $fin L^1(mathbbR^d), a_1,dots,a_d>0$, and $a=(a_1,dots,a_d)$. Define
$$g(x)=f(a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$$
Show that $din L^1(mathbb R^d)$ and that $$int g=left(prod^d_j=1a_jright)int f.$$




$textbfMy Attempt:$ Since $f$ is integrable, it is also measurable, and hence there is an increasing sequence of simple functions $(varphi_n)_n$, such that $varphi_nto f$ a.e. This implies that $varphi_n(a^-1x)to f(a^-1x)$ a.e, where $a^-1xequiv (a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$ This implies that $g$ is measurable since it is a limit of measurable functions.



Let $varphi(x)=sum_j=1^Nc_jcdot1_E_j(x)$ be a simple function, where the $E_j$ are measurable sets. Then we have by dilation invariance of the Lebesgue measure and linearity of the Lebesgue integral we get for $psi(x)=varphi(a^-1x)$
$$largeintpsi=sum^N_j=1c_km(a^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_jsum^N_j=1c_k m(E_j).$$
For a non-negative integrable function, the monotone convergence theorem comes to the rescue, since we can approximate our function by an increasing sequence of simple functions, and then the result follows from the above.



Here is the work. Let $g$ be as at the start, but non-negative for simplicity. Then we have by the remark, using the Monotone convergence theorem that
$$largeint g=limlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n(a^-1x)=prod^d_j=1a_jlimlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n=prod^d_j=1a_jint f.$$




Is my work above correct? Any feedback is much welcomed.



Thank you for your time.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$





Let $fin L^1(mathbbR^d), a_1,dots,a_d>0$, and $a=(a_1,dots,a_d)$. Define
$$g(x)=f(a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$$
Show that $din L^1(mathbb R^d)$ and that $$int g=left(prod^d_j=1a_jright)int f.$$




$textbfMy Attempt:$ Since $f$ is integrable, it is also measurable, and hence there is an increasing sequence of simple functions $(varphi_n)_n$, such that $varphi_nto f$ a.e. This implies that $varphi_n(a^-1x)to f(a^-1x)$ a.e, where $a^-1xequiv (a_1^-1x_1,dots,a_d^-1x_d).$ This implies that $g$ is measurable since it is a limit of measurable functions.



Let $varphi(x)=sum_j=1^Nc_jcdot1_E_j(x)$ be a simple function, where the $E_j$ are measurable sets. Then we have by dilation invariance of the Lebesgue measure and linearity of the Lebesgue integral we get for $psi(x)=varphi(a^-1x)$
$$largeintpsi=sum^N_j=1c_km(a^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_jsum^N_j=1c_k m(E_j).$$
For a non-negative integrable function, the monotone convergence theorem comes to the rescue, since we can approximate our function by an increasing sequence of simple functions, and then the result follows from the above.



Here is the work. Let $g$ be as at the start, but non-negative for simplicity. Then we have by the remark, using the Monotone convergence theorem that
$$largeint g=limlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n(a^-1x)=prod^d_j=1a_jlimlimits_ntoinftyintvarphi_n=prod^d_j=1a_jint f.$$




Is my work above correct? Any feedback is much welcomed.



Thank you for your time.







real-analysis proof-verification lebesgue-integral lebesgue-measure






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Mar 20 at 9:36







Gaby Alfonso

















asked Mar 16 at 20:31









Gaby AlfonsoGaby Alfonso

1,1811318




1,1811318







  • 1




    $begingroup$
    $m([0,2]) = m(2[0, 1]) = 2m([0, 1]) = 2$, right? So something is shady in here. $int varphi_n(a^-1x)dx = sum c_jm(aE_j)$, $1_E(a^-1x) = 1_aE(x)$
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 20:53











  • $begingroup$
    @Jakobian My bad, I worked out that $1_E(ax)=1_a^-1E(x)$ for $mathbbR$ and then we extend this to $mathbbR^d$ by using the product measure, since if $E=E_1timescdotstimes E_d$, then $m(a^-1E)=prod^d_j=1m(a_j^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_j^-1m(E)$. Is that right?
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 16 at 21:50











  • $begingroup$
    Yes, that's right
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 22:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is not dilation invariance. It's the dilation property of the Lebesgue integral in this setting.
    $endgroup$
    – zhw.
    Mar 17 at 15:25










  • $begingroup$
    @zhw. My mistake, sorry. I corrected the error.
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 20 at 9:38












  • 1




    $begingroup$
    $m([0,2]) = m(2[0, 1]) = 2m([0, 1]) = 2$, right? So something is shady in here. $int varphi_n(a^-1x)dx = sum c_jm(aE_j)$, $1_E(a^-1x) = 1_aE(x)$
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 20:53











  • $begingroup$
    @Jakobian My bad, I worked out that $1_E(ax)=1_a^-1E(x)$ for $mathbbR$ and then we extend this to $mathbbR^d$ by using the product measure, since if $E=E_1timescdotstimes E_d$, then $m(a^-1E)=prod^d_j=1m(a_j^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_j^-1m(E)$. Is that right?
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 16 at 21:50











  • $begingroup$
    Yes, that's right
    $endgroup$
    – Jakobian
    Mar 16 at 22:47










  • $begingroup$
    This is not dilation invariance. It's the dilation property of the Lebesgue integral in this setting.
    $endgroup$
    – zhw.
    Mar 17 at 15:25










  • $begingroup$
    @zhw. My mistake, sorry. I corrected the error.
    $endgroup$
    – Gaby Alfonso
    Mar 20 at 9:38







1




1




$begingroup$
$m([0,2]) = m(2[0, 1]) = 2m([0, 1]) = 2$, right? So something is shady in here. $int varphi_n(a^-1x)dx = sum c_jm(aE_j)$, $1_E(a^-1x) = 1_aE(x)$
$endgroup$
– Jakobian
Mar 16 at 20:53





$begingroup$
$m([0,2]) = m(2[0, 1]) = 2m([0, 1]) = 2$, right? So something is shady in here. $int varphi_n(a^-1x)dx = sum c_jm(aE_j)$, $1_E(a^-1x) = 1_aE(x)$
$endgroup$
– Jakobian
Mar 16 at 20:53













$begingroup$
@Jakobian My bad, I worked out that $1_E(ax)=1_a^-1E(x)$ for $mathbbR$ and then we extend this to $mathbbR^d$ by using the product measure, since if $E=E_1timescdotstimes E_d$, then $m(a^-1E)=prod^d_j=1m(a_j^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_j^-1m(E)$. Is that right?
$endgroup$
– Gaby Alfonso
Mar 16 at 21:50





$begingroup$
@Jakobian My bad, I worked out that $1_E(ax)=1_a^-1E(x)$ for $mathbbR$ and then we extend this to $mathbbR^d$ by using the product measure, since if $E=E_1timescdotstimes E_d$, then $m(a^-1E)=prod^d_j=1m(a_j^-1E_j)=prod^d_j=1a_j^-1m(E)$. Is that right?
$endgroup$
– Gaby Alfonso
Mar 16 at 21:50













$begingroup$
Yes, that's right
$endgroup$
– Jakobian
Mar 16 at 22:47




$begingroup$
Yes, that's right
$endgroup$
– Jakobian
Mar 16 at 22:47












$begingroup$
This is not dilation invariance. It's the dilation property of the Lebesgue integral in this setting.
$endgroup$
– zhw.
Mar 17 at 15:25




$begingroup$
This is not dilation invariance. It's the dilation property of the Lebesgue integral in this setting.
$endgroup$
– zhw.
Mar 17 at 15:25












$begingroup$
@zhw. My mistake, sorry. I corrected the error.
$endgroup$
– Gaby Alfonso
Mar 20 at 9:38




$begingroup$
@zhw. My mistake, sorry. I corrected the error.
$endgroup$
– Gaby Alfonso
Mar 20 at 9:38










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